Vish/homelab-optimized
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull Requests Actions Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity

Sanitized mirror from private repository - 2026-04-05 11:10:41 UTC
Some checks failed
Documentation / Build Docusaurus (push) Failing after 18m57s
Details
Documentation / Deploy to GitHub Pages (push) Has been skipped
Details

Browse Source
This commit is contained in:
Gitea Mirror Bot
2026-04-05 11:10:41 +00:00
commit 8882a5948e
1394 changed files with 356828 additions and 0 deletions
Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

304
docs/getting-started/03-Architecture-Overview.md Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
# Architecture Overview
## Infrastructure Design
This homelab implements a distributed, containerized architecture designed for high availability, scalability, and ease of management. The infrastructure follows GitOps principles with infrastructure-as-code practices.
## Network Architecture
### Physical Network
```
Internet
│
├── Router/Firewall (pfSense)
│ ├── Management VLAN (192.168.1.0/24)
│ ├── Server VLAN (192.168.10.0/24)
│ ├── IoT VLAN (192.168.20.0/24)
│ └── Guest VLAN (192.168.30.0/24)
│
└── Core Switch
├── Atlantis (192.168.10.10)
├── Calypso (192.168.10.20)
├── Concord NUC (192.168.10.30)
├── Homelab VM (192.168.10.40)
└── Raspberry Pi (192.168.10.50)
```
### Virtual Networks
- **Docker Networks**: Isolated container communication
- **VPN Tunnels**: Secure remote access via WireGuard
- **Tailscale Mesh**: Zero-trust network overlay
- **Cloudflare Tunnels**: Secure external access
## Server Architecture
### Atlantis (Primary Server)
**Role**: Main application server and storage
- **Hardware**: Dell PowerEdge R720
- **OS**: Ubuntu Server 22.04 LTS
- **Storage**: 12TB RAID-10 array
- **Services**: 40+ containerized applications
**Key Services**:
- Media Management (Plex, Sonarr, Radarr)
- File Storage (Nextcloud, Syncthing)
- Development Tools (GitLab, Portainer)
- Monitoring (Grafana, Prometheus)
### Calypso (Secondary Server)
**Role**: Backup services and specialized workloads
- **Hardware**: Custom build (AMD Ryzen)
- **OS**: Ubuntu Server 22.04 LTS
- **Storage**: 8TB RAID-1 array
- **Services**: 25+ containerized applications
**Key Services**:
- Authentication (Authentik)
- Game Servers (Minecraft, Satisfactory)
- Development (Gitea, CI/CD runners)
- Backup Services (Seafile, Immich)
### Concord NUC (Edge Computing)
**Role**: Edge services and IoT management
- **Hardware**: Intel NUC
- **OS**: Ubuntu Server 22.04 LTS
- **Storage**: 1TB NVMe SSD
- **Services**: 15+ lightweight applications
**Key Services**:
- Home Automation (Home Assistant)
- Network Services (AdGuard, Pi-hole)
- Media Streaming (Invidious, Piped)
- Monitoring (Node Exporter)
### Homelab VM (Development)
**Role**: Development and testing environment
- **Platform**: Proxmox VM
- **OS**: Ubuntu Server 22.04 LTS
- **Storage**: 500GB virtual disk
- **Services**: 30+ development tools
**Key Services**:
- AI/ML Tools (Ollama, OpenHands)
- Communication (Mattermost, Signal API)
- Testing Services (Various experimental apps)
- Monitoring (Alerting, NTFY)
### Raspberry Pi (Monitoring)
**Role**: Dedicated monitoring and lightweight services
- **Hardware**: Raspberry Pi 5
- **OS**: Raspberry Pi OS Lite
- **Storage**: 256GB microSD + USB storage
- **Services**: 5+ monitoring applications
**Key Services**:
- Uptime Monitoring (Uptime Kuma)
- System Monitoring (Glances)
- Photo Management (Immich)
- File Sharing (Samba)
## Container Architecture
### Orchestration Strategy
- **Docker Compose**: Primary orchestration tool
- **Portainer**: Web-based container management
- **Watchtower**: Automated container updates
- **GitOps**: Version-controlled deployments
### Container Patterns
```
┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐
│ Application │ │ Database │ │ Storage │
│ Containers │ │ Containers │ │ Containers │
├─────────────────┤ ├─────────────────┤ ├─────────────────┤
│ • Web Services │ │ • PostgreSQL │ │ • File Shares │
│ • APIs │ │ • MySQL │ │ • Object Store │
│ • Workers │ │ • Redis │ │ • Backup Vols │
└─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘
│ │ │
└───────────────────────┼───────────────────────┘
│
┌─────────────────┐
│ Proxy/LB │
│ Containers │
├─────────────────┤
│ • Nginx Proxy │
│ • Traefik │
│ • Cloudflare │
└─────────────────┘
```
## Storage Architecture
### Primary Storage (Atlantis)
- **RAID-10**: 4x 4TB drives for performance and redundancy
- **Hot Spare**: Additional drive for automatic replacement
- **Backup Target**: Weekly snapshots to external storage
### Secondary Storage (Calypso)
- **RAID-1**: 2x 4TB drives for redundancy
- **Backup Source**: Receives backups from other servers
- **Archive Storage**: Long-term data retention
### Distributed Storage
- **Syncthing**: Peer-to-peer file synchronization
- **Seafile**: Centralized file storage with versioning
- **Immich**: Photo management with AI features
- **Nextcloud**: Personal cloud storage
## Monitoring Architecture
### Metrics Collection
```
┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐
│ Node │ │ Container │ │ Application │
│ Exporter │───▶│ Advisor │───▶│ Metrics │
└─────────────┘ └─────────────┘ └─────────────┘
│ │ │
└───────────────────┼───────────────────┘
│
┌─────────────┐
│ Prometheus │
│ (Metrics) │
└─────────────┘
│
┌─────────────┐
│ Grafana │
│ (Dashboards)│
└─────────────┘
```
### Alerting Pipeline
```
Prometheus ──▶ Alertmanager ──▶ NTFY ──▶ Mobile/Desktop
│ │ │
│ ├──▶ Email ────┘
│ └──▶ Signal ───┘
│
└──▶ Uptime Kuma ──▶ Discord/Slack
```
## Security Architecture
### Network Security
- **Firewall Rules**: Strict ingress/egress controls
- **VPN Access**: WireGuard for remote connectivity
- **Zero Trust**: Tailscale mesh networking
- **SSL/TLS**: End-to-end encryption
### Application Security
- **Authentication**: Centralized with Authentik
- **Authorization**: Role-based access control
- **Secrets Management**: Docker secrets and environment files
- **Container Security**: Non-root users, read-only filesystems
### Data Security
- **Encryption at Rest**: LUKS disk encryption
- **Encryption in Transit**: TLS for all communications
- **Backup Encryption**: GPG-encrypted backups
- **Access Logging**: Comprehensive audit trails
## Deployment Architecture
### GitOps Workflow
```
Developer ──▶ Git Repository ──▶ CI/CD Pipeline ──▶ Container Registry
│ │
│ │
▼ ▼
Configuration ──▶ Portainer ──▶ Docker Compose ──▶ Containers
Files │ │
│ │ │
└───────────────┼──────────────────────────────┘
│
Monitoring & Alerting
```
### Continuous Deployment
- **Git-based**: All configurations in version control
- **Automated Testing**: Compose file validation
- **Rolling Updates**: Zero-downtime deployments
- **Rollback Capability**: Quick reversion to previous versions
## High Availability Design
### Service Redundancy
- **Load Balancing**: Nginx Proxy Manager
- **Health Checks**: Automated service monitoring
- **Failover**: Automatic service migration
- **Backup Services**: Secondary instances on different hosts
### Data Redundancy
- **RAID Arrays**: Hardware-level redundancy
- **Cross-server Backups**: Geographic distribution
- **Snapshot Schedules**: Point-in-time recovery
- **Offsite Backups**: Cloud storage integration
## Scalability Considerations
### Horizontal Scaling
- **Container Orchestration**: Easy service replication
- **Load Distribution**: Multiple server deployment
- **Database Clustering**: PostgreSQL/MySQL clusters
- **Storage Expansion**: Additional storage nodes
### Vertical Scaling
- **Resource Allocation**: Dynamic CPU/memory assignment
- **Storage Expansion**: RAID array growth
- **Network Upgrades**: 10GbE infrastructure
- **Hardware Refresh**: Regular equipment updates
## Technology Stack
### Core Technologies
- **Operating System**: Ubuntu Server 22.04 LTS
- **Containerization**: Docker & Docker Compose
- **Orchestration**: Portainer Community Edition
- **Reverse Proxy**: Nginx Proxy Manager
- **Monitoring**: Prometheus + Grafana stack
### Supporting Technologies
- **Version Control**: Git with Gitea
- **CI/CD**: Gitea Actions, Ansible
- **Backup**: Restic, rsync, custom scripts
- **Networking**: WireGuard, Tailscale, Cloudflare
- **Authentication**: Authentik, LDAP integration
## Performance Characteristics
### Expected Performance
- **Web Response**: < 200ms for local services
- **File Transfer**: 1Gbps+ within network
- **Database Queries**: < 50ms for typical operations
- **Container Startup**: < 30 seconds for most services
### Resource Utilization
- **CPU**: 20-40% average across servers
- **Memory**: 60-80% utilization with caching
- **Storage**: 70% capacity with growth planning
- **Network**: < 10% of available bandwidth
## Future Roadmap
### Short-term Improvements
- **Kubernetes Migration**: Container orchestration upgrade
- **Service Mesh**: Istio or Linkerd implementation
- **Observability**: Enhanced tracing and logging
- **Automation**: Expanded Ansible playbooks
### Long-term Vision
- **Edge Computing**: Additional edge nodes
- **AI/ML Integration**: GPU acceleration
- **Hybrid Cloud**: Public cloud integration
- **IoT Expansion**: Smart home integration
## Related Documentation
- [Prerequisites](04-Prerequisites.md) - Required knowledge and tools
- [Quick Start Guide](QUICK_START.md) - Deploy your first service
- [Infrastructure Documentation](../infrastructure/INFRASTRUCTURE_OVERVIEW.md)
- [Monitoring Setup](../admin/monitoring-setup.md)
---
*This architecture overview provides a comprehensive understanding of the homelab infrastructure design and implementation strategy.*